212 research outputs found
Trials and Tribulations of Protecting Children from Environmental Hazards
Society is increasingly aware of the profound impact that the environment has on childrenâs health. Not surprisingly, there is increasing public scrutiny about childrenâs exposures to environmental hazards, especially for disadvantaged children. These trends underscore the ethical imperative to develop a framework to protect children from environmental hazards. Such a framework must include regulations to test new chemicals and other potential hazards before they are marketed, a strategy to conduct research necessary to protect children from persistent hazards that are widely dispersed in their environment, stronger regulatory mechanisms to eliminate human exposures to recognized or suspected toxicants, and guidelines about the ethical conduct of research and the role of experimental trials that test the efficacy and safety of interventions to prevent or ameliorate childrenâs exposure to persistent toxicants or hazards that are widely dispersed in their environment
Human Health Risks from Low-Level Environmental Exposures: No Apparent Safety Thresholds
Wigle and Lanphear argue that for many toxins widely dispersed in the environment, even very low levels pose health risks
Randomized Controlled Trials in Environmental Health Research: Unethical or Underutilized?
<p>Randomized Controlled Trials in Environmental Health Research: Unethical or Underutilized?</p
Case Report: High Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Infant Neonatal Neurobehavior
Context: Most of the U.S. population is exposed to the high-production-volume chemical bisphenol A (BPA), but targetable sources of exposure remain to be determined. Animal studies and one human study suggest that BPA is a neurotoxicant
Prenatal urinary triclosan concentrations and child neurobehavior
Background: Exposure to triclosan, an antimicrobial chemical, is ubiquitous among pregnant women and may
reduce thyroid hormone levels that are important for fetal neurodevelopment. Few studies have examined the
association between prenatal triclosan exposure and children's neurobehavior.
Objective: We investigated the relationship of prenatal urinary triclosan concentrations with children's behavior
and cognitive abilities at age three years in a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort in Canada.
Methods: We measured triclosan in urine samples collected at ~12 weeks of gestation in 794 Canadian women
enrolled in a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort study (MIREC) from 2008 to 2011. Around age 3 years, we
assessed children's cognitive abilities using the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence-III (WPPSIIII), and two scales of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool (BRIEF-P). Parents reported children's problem and reciprocal social behaviors using the Behavior Assessment System for Children-2
(BASC-2) and Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2), respectively.
Results: After adjusting for confounders using multivariable linear regression, triclosan was not associated with
most of the 30 examined neurobehavioral scales. Each 10-fold increase in triclosan was associated with better
WPPSI-III picture completion scores (ÎČ: 0.2; 95% CI: 0,0.5) and BASC-2 externalizing (ÎČ: â0.5; 95% CI: â1.1, 0)
and hyperactivity (ÎČ: â0.6; 95% CI: â1.2, â0.1) scores, suggesting less externalizing and hyperactive behaviors. Child sex did not modify these associations.
Conclusions: In this cohort, urinary triclosan concentrations measured once in early pregnancy were not associated with most assessed aspects of neurobehavior and weakly associated with a few others, but not in the
hypothesized direction
- âŠ